Mauryan Empire:- Important rulers | Mauryan Administration | Mauryan Art & Architecture

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Mauryan Empire

In Mauryan Empire, we will be studying Important Rulers, Mauryan Adminstration & Mauryan Architecture & Architecture.

Important Rulers:-


  • Founder of Mauryan Empire was Chandra Gupta Maurya.
  • Dhanananda was defeated by Chandra Gupta Maurya with the help of Chanakya.
  • The Real Name of Chanakya was Vishnu Gupta.
  • In 305 BC, Chandra Gupta Defeated Sclucus Nikator.
  • Chandra Gupta married to "Helen" who was the daughter of Sclucus Nikator & gifted 500 elephants & also took 4 important provinces from Sulucus Nikator.
  • Chandra Gupta Maurya adopted Jainism in later stage of life.
  • He also performed Santhara(Fastening till death) at  Shravanabelagola(In south).
  • Sclucus Nikator sent "Megasthenes"(Greek Ambassador) who wrote "Indica".(In the time of Chandra Gupta Mauraya).
  • Bindusara was the son of Chandra Gupta.
  • Bindusara defeated 16 kings in south upto Mysore.
  • During the reign of Bindusara, a revolt took place at Taxila, which was ended by Ashoka.
  • Greek Name:- Amitro Chattes
  • Ambassador:-
    • Deimachus - Syria
    • Dinosics - Egypt
  • Ashoka was the son of Binsusara.
  • Ashoka was the Greatest Mauryan Ruler.
  • At the time of Ashoka the Empire was at Zenith.
  • He fought 4 years among brothers for coronation.
  • His first and last war was Kalinga (261 BC).
  • After the bloodshed in kalinga, he adopted Buddhism under Upagupta.
  • His son "Mahendra" and daughter "Sanghamitra" adopted Buddhism and was sent to Ceylon, which is now in Sri Lanka for sappling of Bodhi Tree.
  • Two names were written on "Rock Edicts":-
    • Deva Priya (Beloved of God)
    • Priya Darshi (Good Looking)

Mauryan Administration:-

  • It was a Centralized administration which consists of King & Mantri Parishad(Council of Ministers).
  • Mantri Parishad Consists of:-
    • Yuvaraj - Crown Prince
    • Purdhit - Priest
    • Senapati - Armu Chief
    • Other Ministers - Revenue, Admin etc...
  • Provinces:-
    • Uttarpatha (North) - Taxila
    • Bakshinpatha (Southern) - Suvarnagiri
    • Avantichetra (West) - Ujjain
    • Kalinga - Toshali
    • Prachi (Centre & East) - Patliputra
  • Revenue:-
    • 1/4th,1/6th of Produced Agriculture.
    • Water Tax- Irrigation
    • Toll Tax - Tax to sell Goods from Outside.
  • Saptanga, also known as Seven parts of state, also mentioned in "Arthashashtra".
    • RAJA - King
    • DURG - Fort
    • JANAPAD - Territory
    • AMATYA - Secretory
    • KOSHA - Treasury
    • MITRA - Friends
    • SENA - Army

Mauryan Architecture and Literature:-

  • Literary Works:-
    • Arthashashtra (Chanakya/Kautilya), Real name was Vishnu Gupta.
    • Indica (Megasthenes),who was a greek ambassador sent by Selucus Nikaton in the period of Chandra Gupta Maurya.
  • Architecture:-
    • In the Ashoka Era:-
      • Carved Elephant, DHAULI
      • Sanchi Stupa
      • 4 Lion Capital (National Emblem)
      • 1 Lion Capital
      • Bull Capital
  • Palace of Chandra Gupta Maurya,  Near Patna.
  • 14 Major Rocks Edicts, other edicts.
  • Rock Edict 13: Horrors of Kalinga War & Ashoka Spread of Dhamma.

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